初中英語八大時態(tài)總結(jié)

　　一、一般現(xiàn)在時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①動詞原形 ②主語三單：動詞原形+s/es

　　三種常考基本用法：1、經(jīng)常性和習(xí)慣性動作

　　Eg. I always get up early.

　　2、客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理

　　Eg. The earth goes around the sun.

　　3、在時間狀語從句及條件狀語從句中，一般現(xiàn)在表將來

　　If it doesn't rain, we will have a picnic.

　　常見時間狀語：

　　always, usually, often, sometimes, every day, on Sundays, at weekends, once a week, twice a month, etc.

　　二、一般過去時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動詞的過去式

　　基本用法：

　　1、過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)

　　Eg. I got up late yesterday.

　　2、過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作

　　Eg. When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.

　　常見時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week (year, night, month…), in 1986, just now, at the age of 10, at that time, once upon a time, etc.

　　三、一般將來時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/going to + do;②will/shall + do.

　　基本用法：

　　am/is/are/going to + do

　　1、(人)計(jì)劃打算做某事

　　Eg. I'm going to go shopping with my mom tomorrow.

　　2、(事)即將發(fā)生

　　Eg. Look at the clouds, it's going to rain.

　　will/shall do

　　1、將來的動作和狀態(tài)(相對較長遠(yuǎn))

　　Eg. You'll have your own house in the future.

　　2、禮貌詢問、客氣邀請

　　Eg. Will you go with me?

　　3、意愿

　　Eg. I will do it for you.

　　常見時間狀語：tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…), soon, the day after tomorrow, in+時間段(格外注意)，etc.

　　四、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時：　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+現(xiàn)在分詞

　　基本用法：1、此時此刻正在進(jìn)行的動作

　　Eg. I am writing a letter now.

　　2、現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作

　　Eg. I am reading a book these days.

　　常見時間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.

　　五、過去進(jìn)行時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+現(xiàn)在分詞

　　基本用法：1、過去某時刻正在進(jìn)行的動作

　　Eg. He was playing computer games when his father came home.

　　2、過去某時段正在進(jìn)行的動作

　　Eg. He was doing his homework while his mother was cooking.

　　常見時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。

　　六、過去將來時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①was/were/going to + do;②would/should + do.

　　基本用法：從過去時間點(diǎn)看將來，常用于賓語從句中。

　　Eg. He said that he would marry her.

　　常見時間狀語：the next day (morning, year…), the following month (week…), etc.

　　七、現(xiàn)在完成時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + 過去分詞

　　基本用法：

　　1、過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果

　　Eg. I have finished my homework.

　　2、過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)

　　Eg. We have waited for her for 2 hours.

　　常見時間狀語：recently, lately, so far, up to now, since+時間點(diǎn)，for+時間段, in the past few years, etc.

　　現(xiàn)在完成時是考試中的重點(diǎn)也是難點(diǎn)，同學(xué)們需要格外加強(qiáng)。特別注意瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)化問題，具體會在課程中詳細(xì)講解，在此不加以贅述。

　　八、過去完成時：

　　基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + 過去分詞

　　基本用法：以過去某個時間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，即"過去的過去"。

　　Eg. Just before the English class, I suddenly realized that I had left my English textbook at home.

　　常見時間狀語：before, after, by the end of last year(month…),etc.