英語議論文的格式
1. 議論文的類型
英語議論文根據(jù)命題特點(diǎn)，從形式上來看可分為如下類型:
① “一分為二”的觀點(diǎn).如“轎車大量進(jìn)入家庭后，對(duì)家庭、環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)可能產(chǎn)生的影響”
② “兩者選一”的觀點(diǎn).如，期中考試作文題，“乘火車還是乘飛機(jī)”
③“我認(rèn)為……”型.如“你對(duì)課外閱讀的看法”
④“怎樣……（how to）”型.如“怎樣克服學(xué)習(xí)中碰到的困難”.
⑤ 圖表作文.通過閱讀圖表中的數(shù)字與項(xiàng)目得出一個(gè)結(jié)論或形成一種看法.
按照高二上學(xué)期的寫作要求，學(xué)生主要應(yīng)掌握①②兩種類型的議論文的寫作.在第①種類型中命題涉及某一事物或現(xiàn)象的正反兩個(gè)方面：通過正反兩個(gè)方面的對(duì)比，得出結(jié)論是利大于弊，還是弊大于利.論證要圍繞所要得出的結(jié)論來展開，若利大于弊，則有利的一面要多闡述一點(diǎn).反之亦然.
在第②種類型中，命題要求在a或b兩者之間作一比較或選擇，兩個(gè)對(duì)象往往各有優(yōu)勢(shì)，所以結(jié)論部分有兩種情況：
a. 要么支持a，要么支持b;
b. a、b優(yōu)勢(shì)均難的割舍，只好依情況而定在結(jié)論部分說清楚在什么條件選a, 在什么條件選b.
下面重點(diǎn)介紹第①、②種類型議論文的寫作模式.
2. “一分為二”觀點(diǎn)的議論文模式
introduction
第1段:nowadays more and more people.../...plays an important part in.... like everything else, ...has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects/both advantages and disadvantages. generally, the favorable aspects/advantages can be listed as follows.
main body
第2段：firstly,.. secondly,…in addition/what’s more…
第3段: every coin has two sides. the negative aspects/disadvantages are also apparent/obvious. to begin with…; to make matters worse…; worse of all…
conclusion
第4段: through above analysis/all things considered, we can see that the positive aspects/advantages outweigh the negative ones/disadvantages. therefore…
例文1. 看電視的利與弊 advantages and disadvantages of watching tv
nowadays more and more people like to watch tv. so tv plays a very important part in our life. but watching tv has both advantages and disadvantages. generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
firstly, you can expand your knowledge by watching tv. as we all know, learning things by tv is much faster than by listening to the radio or just by reading books. for it has colorful pictures as well as wonderful music.
secondly, you may know anybody you want to know such as famous singers, super stars, scientists and so on.
what’s more, you can go everywhere by traveling programs. let’s suppose, if you like traveling very much, but you have to work on weekends or holidays, you must be very sad. and now open your tv and it’ll take you to anywhere.